[28] The earthquake produced its own aftershocks (some registering a magnitude of as high as 6.1) and presently ranks as the third-largest earthquake ever recorded on the moment magnitude or Richter magnitude scale. The low-lying island country of Maldives reported more than a hundred casualties and immense economic damage. [50][51] The northern regions of the Indonesian island of Sumatra were hit quickly, while Sri Lanka and the east coast of India were hit roughly 90 minutes to two hours later. Many people died including many foreign tourists. Other videos recorded showed that the tsunami appeared like a flood raging inland. It didn't look like the killer wave you see in the movies. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake came just three days after a magnitude 8.1 earthquake in the sub-antarctic Auckland Islands, an uninhabited region west of New Zealand, and Macquarie Island to Australia's north. Edie Fassnidge lost both her mother and sister in the tsunami. In addition, the tsunami inflicted damage to the popular resort town of Ao Nang in Krabi Province. [125], In addition to other forms of aid,[127] the Australian government sent ecological experts to help develop strategies for reef-monitoring and rehabilitation of marine environments and coral reefs in the Maldives, Seychelles and other areas. Local video recorded that before the arrival of the tsunami, people can be seen swarming the beach to check on stranded fish from the exposed beach. Significant earthquakes around the Pacific rim have generated tsunamis that struck Hawaii, Alaska, and the U.S. west coast. She and her parents warned others on the beach, which was evacuated safely. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The tsunami also reached Antarctica, where tidal gauges at Japan's Showa Base recorded oscillations of up to a metre (3ft 3in), with disturbances lasting a couple of days. [83] The shrine's compound, nearby villages, hundreds of shops, homes and pilgrims were washed away into the sea. On the other side of the ocean, in Somalia, waves ranged in height from 11 to 31 feet (3.4 to 9.4 meters). Island folklore recounted an earthquake and tsunami in 1907, and the islanders fled to inland hills after the initial shaking and before the tsunami struck. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. A second team found similar evidence of previous tsunamis in Aceh, a province at the northern tip of Sumatra; radiocarbon dating of bark fragments in the soil below the second sand layer led the scientists to estimate that the most recent predecessor to the 2004 tsunami probably occurred between A.D. 1300 and 1450. Dr Weerawit Sarideepan - then-doctor at Vachira Phuket Hospital. The slip did not happen instantaneously but took place in two phases over several minutes: The third wave was the strongest, with a maximum tsunami wave height of 11m (36ft). Along the coast of Tamil Nadu, the 13km (8.1mi) Marina Beach in Chennai was battered by the tsunami which swept across the beach taking morning walkers unaware. As I sat there, I felt the earthquake at around 08:00. bella vista catholic charities housing; wills point tx funeral homes; ptvi triathlon distance; is frankie beverly in the hospital; birria tacos long branch; Answer: I resided in Banda Aceh when tsunami occured back in 2004. my home located around 4.5 km from the sea, which is ulee lheue beach. Waves nearly three stories high devastated the Indian Air Force base, located just south of Malacca. 26. How many were killed and left homeless? Just seven people survived the ten-meter wave that hurtled up . [73] The degradation of the natural environment in Sri Lanka contributed to the high death tolls. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands appear to have shifted south-west by around 1.25m (4ft 1in) and to have sunk by 1m (3ft 3in). The Phi Phi Islands are a group of small islands that were affected by the tsunami. who survived the 2004 tsunami, and was also filmed in Khao Lak. [29] As well as continuing aftershocks, the energy released by the original earthquake continued to make its presence felt well after the event. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. We made a stop at Koh Racha Yai island in Phuket for a diving lesson for our interns. Of all the moment released by earthquakes in the 100 years from 1906 through 2005, roughly one eighth was due to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. VideoRussian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims, The children left behind in Cuba's mass exodus, Xi Jinping's power grab - and why it matters, Snow, Fire and Lights: Photos of the Week. Seismographic and acoustic data indicate that the first phase involved a rupture about 400km (250mi) long and 100km (60mi) wide, 30km (19mi) beneath the sea bedthe largest rupture ever known to have been caused by an earthquake. Many tourists and locals can be seen trying to gather fish. Flooding occurred at the coast and low-lying areas inland, which were connected to open sea through creeks. Then dead bodies started to come in. 1400. Review how underwater earthquakes, volcanoes, or landslides can generate tsunamis, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/event/Indian-Ocean-tsunami-of-2004, National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Impact of 2004 Tsunami in the Islands of Indian Ocean: Lessons Learned, Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). It took me half a day to find him. Video footage revealed torrents of black water, surging by windows of a two-story residential area situated about 3.2km (2.0mi) inland. What famous person died in the 2004 tsunami? Should a tsunami occur and you cannot get to higher ground, stay inside where you are protected from the water. [94], The tsunami also reached Malaysia, mainly on the northern states such as Kedah, Perak and Penang and on offshore islands such as Langkawi island. CA License # A-588676-HAZ / DIR Contractor Registration #1000009744 [146], Before 2004, the tsunami created in both Indian and Pacific Ocean waters by the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, thought to have resulted in anywhere from 36,000 to 120,000 deaths, had probably been the deadliest in the region. [34], The energy released on the Earth's surface (ME, which is the seismic potential for damage) by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was estimated at 1.11017 joules (110PJ; 26Mt). Sue and Robert Kennedy, who had been holidaying in Thailand, lost their lives in the horrific 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami on Boxing Day. This quickly elevated the height and increased the speed of waves, destroying the nearby Indonesian town of Lhoknga. [165], Nations all over the world provided over US$14 billion in aid for damaged regions,[166] with the governments of Australia pledging US$819.9 million (including a US$760.6 million aid package for Indonesia), Germany offering US$660 million, Japan offering US$500 million, Canada offering US$343 million, Norway and the Netherlands offering both US$183 million, the United States offering US$35 million initially (increased to US$350 million), and the World Bank offering US$250 million. Theme: Envo Blog. The ceremony ended just like any other day. 250,000 people survived the 2004 Sumatra Tsunami. What is the deadliest tsunami in history? The earliest, lower amplitude signal is that of the compressional (P) wave, which takes about 22 minutes to reach the other side of the planet (the antipode; in this case near Ecuador). [130][131], Evidence suggested that the presence of mangroves in coastal areas had provided some protection, when compared to areas that had been cleared for aquaculture or development. 1.4. I took my friends from Bangkok out for a diving trip on that Sunday morning. The volcanic activity that results as the Indo-Australian Plate subducts the Eurasian Plate has created the Sunda Arc. If you are caught up in the wave, youll face turbulent water filled with rubble. Local camcorder footage showed the tsunami surging inland and flooding camping equipment at the Similan Islands while the tsunami caught tourists unaware at the Surin Islands, and dragging them out towards the sea. The tsunami reached the states of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu along the southeastern coastline of the Indian mainland about 2 hours after the earthquake. How I Survived the Tsunami, 10 Meters Underwater. In deep ocean water, tsunami waves form only a low, broad hump, barely noticeable and harmless, which generally travels at high speed of 500 to 1,000km/h (310 to 620mph); in shallow water near coastlines, a tsunami slows down to only tens of kilometres per hour but, in doing so, forms large destructive waves. They all said 'Let's go catch fish.' Some 37,000 people are missing. Sat 26 Mar 2005 07.50 EST. Oxfam went on to report that as many as four times more women than men were killed in some regions because they were waiting on the beach for the fishers to return and looking after their children in the houses. On December 26, 2004, a massive tsunami triggered by an earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, killed more than 230,000 people in 14 countries. Amateur video recorded at the city of Galle showed a large deluge flooding the city, carrying debris and sweeping away people while in the coastal resort town of Beruwala, the tsunami appeared as a huge brown-orange colored bore which reached the first level of a hotel, causing destruction and taking people unaware. 2), Can bowel problems cause urinary problems? Box 4666, Ventura, CA 93007 Request a Quote: petersburg, va register of deeds CSDA Santa Barbara County Chapter's General Contractor of the Year 2014! There were no tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean to detect tsunamis or to warn the general population living around the ocean. Anthropologists had initially expected the aboriginal population of the Andaman Islands to be badly affected by the tsunami and even feared the already depopulated Onge tribe could have been wiped out. The maximum tsunami wave height of 11m (36ft). [149] Traditional beliefs in many of the affected regions state that a relative of the family must bury the body of the dead, and in many cases, no body remained to be buried. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. 26, 2004, when a 9.1 magnitude earthquake off the Indonesian coast sent tidal wave speeding toward Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and Sri Lanka. The waves arrived around noon local time.[94]. At that moment, everything was crazy. Can Nigeria's election result be overturned? In comparison to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, the death toll from these earthquakes and tsunamis was significantly lower, primarily because of the lower population density along the coasts near affected areas.[10]. Moreover, the cost of damage in the transport sector was reported in the tens of thousands. Tens of thousands were reported dead or missing in Sri Lanka and India, a large number of them from the Indian Andaman and Nicobar Islands territory. The 71 casualties can be attributed to poor housing infrastructure and additionally, the fact that the coastal residents in the surveyed areas live on flat land along the coast, especially in the Ayeyarwaddy Delta, and that there is no higher ground to which to evacuate. Read about our approach to external linking. Along the west coast, the inundation was observed around Guptapara, Manjeri, Wandoor, Collinpur and Tirur regions. [156] The announcement generated panic in the Indian Ocean region and caused thousands to flee their homes, which resulted in jammed roads. However, between 2013 and 2014, piracy incidents rose dramatically by 73.2% to exceed pre-tsunami levels. Approximately 8,000 people were killed. All of them were speeding through and honking and they passed by the area. In South Andaman island, based on local eyewitnesses, there were three tsunami waves, with the third being the most destructive. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. [67] The second wave was the largest; it came from the west-southwest within five minutes of the first wave. I sat there to enjoy my breakfast with the beach view. [44] These satellites carry radars that measure precisely the height of the water surface; anomalies in the order of 500mm (20in) were measured. The earthquake was the third-most-powerful earthquake recorded since 1900. [100] An initial report by Siti Fadilah Supari, the Indonesian Minister of Health at the time, estimated the death total to be as high as 220,000 in Indonesia alone, giving a total of 280,000 fatalities. The lack of food, clean water, and medical treatmentcombined with the enormous task faced by relief workers trying to get supplies into some remote areas where roads had been destroyed or where civil war ragedextended the list of casualties. At 10:00, I started to hear local food sellers, they were pointing to the beach. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Bush also asked his father, former President George H. W. Bush, and former President Bill Clinton to lead a U.S. effort to provide private aid to the tsunami victims. As the flood got closer, it started to pick up speed. On 30 December 2004, four days after the tsunami, Terra Research notified the India government that its sensors indicated there was a possibility of 7.9 to 8.1 magnitude tectonic shift in the next 12 hours between Sumatra and New Zealand. Geological Survey of India Special Publication no. Along the Mexican coast, the waves were 30-50 m. Some geologists suggest that the Chicxulub tsunami reached Chicago, Montana, or Canada. The tsunami travelled eastward through the Andaman Sea and hit the south-western coasts of Thailand, about 2 hours after the earthquake. What is the tallest tsunami ever recorded? Furthermore, at the coastal town of Kanyakumari, the seabed was exposed briefly before a large wall of water can be seen on the horizon and subsequently flooding the town. According to interviews, the second wave was the largest. Local footage recorded showed the tsunami flooding the streets up to knee level in town, while another video taken at the beach showed the tsunami slowly flooding and gradually surging inland. The sea was observed to rise suddenly before the onset of the first wave. It inundated five square miles of land and cleared hundreds of thousands of trees. The Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 killed at least 225,000 people across a dozen countries, with Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, and Thailand sustaining massive damage. In many places, the waves reached as far as 2km (1.2mi) inland.[49]. However, the huge demand has led to lower quality in the process, and some important materials were sacrificed to cut prices for those who were impoverished by the tsunami. The top three worst tsunamis in history are the Sumatran tsunami of 2004, the Thoku tsunami in 2011, and the Lisbon earthquake and tsunami in 1755. Often, the worst tsunamis are not the largest. [76] The tsunami heights were 56m (1620ft) and the inundated depth was about 2m (6.6ft). However, when the seawalls were made of loose stones, the stones were displaced and carried a few metres inland.[79][81][85]. [138], Even though only coastal regions were directly affected by the waters of the tsunami, the indirect effects have spread to inland provinces as well. The quiet resort town of Khao Lak is located on a stretch of golden sandy beach, famed for its hotels overlooking the Andaman Sea and hilly rainforests. [104], States of emergency were declared in Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and the Maldives. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. The waves radiated outwards along the entire 1,600km (1,000mi) length of the rupture (acting as a line source). Long-term environmental damage was severe as well, with villages, tourist resorts, farmland, and fishing grounds demolished or inundated with debris, bodies, and plant-killing salt water. The eastern shores of Sri Lanka were the hardest hit since it faced the epicentre of the earthquake, while the southwestern shores were hit later, but the death toll was just as severe. Tsunamis are giant waves that are produced when a large volume of water is displaced in an ocean or large lake by an earthquake, volcanic eruption, underwater landslide or meteorite. Many people were seen being swept out . Others have said that Allah was angry that Muslims were killing each other in an ongoing conflict. This was a result of the high proportion of children in the populations of many of the affected regions and because children were the least able to resist being overcome by the surging waters. Where did the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami occur? [74] In Hambantota, run-ups measured 11m (36ft) with the greatest inundation distance of 2km (1.2mi). How many peoples survived tsunami 2004? . [78] A maximum inundation of approximately 2km (1.2mi) was measured, the inundated depths were 47m (1323ft) and there was evidence that the tsunami reached the third floor of a resort hotel. Such approaches to ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction appear to be most successful when local communities are closely involved as stakeholders throughout the process, and when careful attention is paid to the physical conditions of chosen sites to ensure that mangroves can thrive there. We decided to head toward Phi Phi island as it wasn't too far and they had been badly hit. Click to see full answer. All of a sudden, we lost the power and we felt the earthquake. [5][71], The island country of Sri Lanka, located about 1,700km (1,100mi) from Sumatra, was ravaged by the tsunami around 2 hours after the earthquake. Some of them were still alive but many of them were dead. Compiling new navigational charts may take months or years. Then I rolled back to sleep. The tsunami surprised many tourists at Koh Racha Yai, where it flooded the resorts. 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