[251] T.S.Eliot's first professionally published poem, "The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock", was first published by Poetry. There were 1,152,868 housing units at an average density of 5,075.8 per square mile (1,959.8/km2). The Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) performs at Symphony Center, and is recognized as one of the best orchestras in the world. Polish language productions for Chicago's large Polish speaking population can be seen at the historic Gateway Theatre in Jefferson Park. [28][29][30], In 1795, following the victory of the new United States in the Northwest Indian War, an area that was to be part of Chicago was turned over to the US for a military post by native tribes in accordance with the Treaty of Greenville. [citation needed], Chicago contains a number of large, outdoor works by well-known artists. Chicago (/ k o / shih-KAH-goh, locally also / k o / shih-KAW-goh; Miami-Illinois: Shikaakwa; Ojibwe: Zhigaagong) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and the third most populous in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles.With a population of 2,746,388 in the 2020 census, it is also the most populous city in the Midwest. Parks district - https://www.chicagoparkdistrict.com/. Prominent Latino cultural attractions found here include Humboldt Park's Institute of Puerto Rican Arts and Culture and the annual Puerto Rican People's Parade, as well as the National Museum of Mexican Art and St. Adalbert's Church in Pilsen. [309] Northside College Preparatory High School is ranked second, Jones College Prep is third, and the oldest magnet school in the city, Whitney M. Young Magnet High School, which was opened in 1975, is ranked fourth. An expansion will include 32 acres of linear park space along the Chicago River, 10 acres of sports and recreational fields and 17 acres of wetland park. [81], On December 2, 1942, physicist Enrico Fermi conducted the world's first controlled nuclear reaction at the University of Chicago as part of the top-secret Manhattan Project. [65][66] In 1883, Chicago's railway managers needed a general time convention, so they developed the standardized system of North American time zones. The U.S. Broadway In Chicago offers Broadway-style entertainment at five theaters: the Nederlander Theatre, CIBC Theatre, Cadillac Palace Theatre, Auditorium Building of Roosevelt University, and Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place. 1935: Chicago native, Jay Berwanger was the first recipient of the Heisman Trophy. Although the meatpacking industry currently plays a lesser role in the city's economy, Chicago continues to be a major transportation and distribution center. In the forty years from 1850 to 1890, the city's population grew from slightly under 30,000 to over 1million. [91][92], In 1992, a construction accident near the Kinzie Street Bridge produced a breach connecting the Chicago River to a tunnel below, which was part of an abandoned freight tunnel system extending throughout the downtown Loop district. Click here to see how the data was gathered. In 2005, O'Hare was the world's busiest airport by aircraft movements and the second-busiest by total passenger traffic. The Devon Avenue corridor on the far north side is one of the largest South Asian neighborhoods/markets in North America. There is a substantial Cuban population in Chicago. [citation needed], The White Sox have played on the South Side continuously since 1901, with all three of their home fields throughout the years being within blocks of one another. [140] They can reach nearly 80F (27C), such as during the July 2019 heat wave. Parts of this were built, but it was never completed. Future services will terminate at Rockford and Moline. The tunnels filled with 250million US gallons (1,000,000m3) of water, affecting buildings throughout the district and forcing a shutdown of electrical power. Chicagos 250-plus theatre companies take the stage at more than 200 theatres to perform work as varied and diverse as their audiences. Not to . [268] The boulevards and the parks were authorized by the Illinois legislature in 1869. In addition to it lying beside Lake Michigan, two riversthe Chicago River in downtown and the Calumet River in the industrial far South Sideflow either entirely or partially through the city. [208] Chicago was also the site of the Schwinn Bicycle Company. A 2017 study by Walk Score ranked Chicago the sixth-most walkable of fifty largest cities in the United States. An informal name for the entire Chicago metropolitan area is "Chicagoland", which generally means the city and all its suburbs. Male full-time workers had a median income of $47,074 versus $42,063 for females. During much of the last half of the 19th century, Chicago's politics were dominated by a growing Democratic Party organization. religious attendance by metro area, Learn More: attendance at religious services, At least once a week, Once or twice a month/a few times a year, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who pray, Compare: Rauch established a plan for Chicago's park system in 1866. Richard M. Daley, son of Richard J. Daley, was elected in 1989. [117] Other notable streets include Michigan Avenue, State Street, Oak, Rush, Clark Street, and Belmont Avenue. [314] According to data compiled in 2014, Chicago's "choice system", where students who test or apply and may attend one of a number of public high schools (there are about 130), sorts students of different achievement levels into different schools (high performing, middle performing, and low performing schools). In 1966, Martin Luther King Jr. and Albert Raby led the Chicago Freedom Movement, which culminated in agreements between Mayor Richard J. Daley and the movement leaders. Chicago is a city music of festivals, celebrating every music genre. The organization, formed in 1924, was called the Society for Human Rights. The Joffrey Ballet and Chicago Festival Ballet perform in various venues, including the Harris Theater in Millennium Park. (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries. [107], Major sections of the city include the central business district, called The Loop, and the North, South, and West Sides. [24] The city is the seat of the Evangelical Covenant Church and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. The strength of the party in the city is partly a consequence of Illinois state politics, where the Republicans have come to represent rural and farm concerns while the Democrats support urban issues such as Chicago's public school funding. [114] Streets following the Public Land Survey System section lines later became arterial streets in outlying sections. 94.3%. [177], Chicago is the headquarters of several religious denominations, including the Evangelical Covenant Church and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. Chicago was named Americas Best Bike City by Bicycling Magazine in 2016. And Atlanta, the birthplace of Martin Luther King Jr. is home to an especially large share of members of the historically black Protestant tradition (18%). [27] There are about 185,000 Arabs in Cook County with another 75,000 in the five surrounding counties. This series gives a picture of county-level religious affiliation nationwide. Dominicans There is a small community of Dominicans in Chicago. In the summer, many outdoor concerts are given in Grant Park and Millennium Park. Included among these are its nationally renowned deep-dish pizza; this style is said to have originated at Pizzeria Uno. From 1850, when Germans constituted one-sixth of Chicago's population, until the turn of the 20th century, people of German descent constituted the largest ethnic group in the city, followed by Irish, Poles, and Swedes. The city is the home to a large Romanian American community with more than 100,000.[13]. The South Side contains most of the facilities of the Port of Chicago. Israelis began coming to Chicago in the 1970s during a period of . Civil and criminal law cases are heard in the Cook County Circuit Court of the State of Illinois court system, or in the Northern District of Illinois, in the federal system. Chicago has one of the largest LGBTQ+ populations in the United States. 2.41. The Kennedy and Dan Ryan Expressways are the busiest state maintained routes in the entire state of Illinois.[334]. Religion Census, email cliff.grammich@usreligioncensus.org. [142] Midway Airport reached 109F (43C) one day prior and recorded a heat index of 125F (52C) during the 1995 heatwave. When the Great Plains opened up for settlement in the 1830s and 1840s, many German immigrants stopped in Chicago to earn additional money before moving West to claim a homestead. [15] Chicago has the third largest Italian American population in the United States, behind only New York City and Philadelphia. Narrative fiction of that time, much of it in the style of "high-flown romance" and "genteel realism", needed a new approach to describe the urban social, political, and economic conditions of Chicago. In 1900, the problem of sewage contamination was largely resolved when the city completed a major engineering feat. [132], The city lies within the typical hot-summer humid continental climate (Kppen: Dfa), and experiences four distinct seasons. The median age was 32 years. [299] Chicago ended 2013 with 415 murders, the lowest number of murders since 1965, and overall crime rates dropped by 16 percent. later establishing itself as America's home for the genre. Finally, two fountains near the Loop also function as monumental works of art: Plensa's Crown Fountain as well as Burnham and Bennett's Buckingham Fountain. The Fourth Presbyterian Church is one of the largest Presbyterian congregations in the United States based on memberships. Chicago is a major world financial center, with the second-largest central business district in the United States. The ethnic makeup of the population is 28% Hispanic and 72% belong to non Hispanic background. Religion The Bah' temple is in Wilmette, Illinois. Of the total population, 28.1% of those under the age of 18 and 15.5% of those 75 and older were living below the poverty line. Chicago is the center of the Palestinian and Jordanian immigrant communities in the United States,[28][29] and additionally has a large Assyrian population. Chicago's demographic, cultural, and religious transformation at the turn of the century posed a number of challenges to this evangelical mission. [31], After the War of 1812, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. [143] The lowest official temperature of 27F (33C) was recorded on January 20, 1985, at O'Hare Airport. [288] Violent crime rates vary significantly by area of the city, with more economically developed areas having low rates, but other sections have much higher rates of crime. [108] The three sides of the city are represented on the Flag of Chicago by three horizontal white stripes. The term "The Loop" is largely used by locals to refer to the entire downtown area as well. But this analysis does not include smaller cities, such as Salt Lake City, that may have a larger proportion of Mormons. Chicago has professional sports teams in each of the major professional leagues, including two Major League Baseball teams. In Chicago 48.69% of the population is White In Chicago 30.95% of the population is Black In Chicago 6.09% of the population is Asian Compare Chicago, IL Demographics vs Compare Chicago population breakdown by race In Chicago, 29.1% of people are of Hispanic or Latino origin. [105] The Illinois Department of Tourism defines Chicagoland as Cook County without the city of Chicago, and only Lake, DuPage, Kane, and Will counties. Visit ChooseChicago.com, Chicago's Official Tourism Website. The Irish laid the foundations for many of the city's Roman Catholic churches, schools and hospitals. The city grew significantly in size and population by incorporating many neighboring townships between 1851 and 1920, with the largest annexation happening in 1889, with five townships joining the city, including the Hyde Park Township, which now comprises most of the South Side of Chicago and the far southeast of Chicago, and the Jefferson Township, which now makes up most of Chicago's Northwest Side. The COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective, and are an important tool for ending the global pandemic. The Willis Tower has an observation deck open to tourists year round with high up views overlooking Chicago and Lake Michigan. [20] Chicago has a small community of Swedish Americans. Germans have constituted a major portion of ethnic whites in Chicago since the beginning of the city's history. In February 1856, Chicago's Common Council approved Chesbrough's plan to build the United States' first comprehensive sewerage system. The Chicago Pride Parade, held the last Sunday in June, is one of the world's largest with over a million people in attendance. 2 city", "COMPARATIVE DEMOGRAPHIC ESTIMATES 2019 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates Chicago", "Census: Hispanics surpass blacks as Chicago's 2nd-largest racial group", CBS News: "Hispanic Population Surges In Chicago, New Census Data Shows" By Jeremy Ross, "Illinois Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990", "2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)", "Healthy Chicago databook: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Health", "San Francisco Metro Area Ranks Highest in LGBT Percentage", "The Metro Areas With the Largest, and Smallest, Gay Populations", "Same-sex marriage licenses could hit 10,000 in Cook County this summer", "10,000th same-sex couple issued marriage license in Cook County", "Selected Economic Characteristics: 20082012 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates: Chicago city, Illinois", "These are the cities with the most ultra-rich people", "Community Facts: First Ancestry Reported, Chicago city, Illinois", Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles, "Table 6 Fifteen Largest PC(USA) Congregations Based on Membership Size, 2014", "2020 Metropolitan Chicago Jewish Population Study", "Gross Domestic Product by Metropolitan Area, 2016", "Moody's: Chicago's Economy Most Balanced in US (January 23, 2003)", London named world's top business center by MasterCard, "Washington area richest, most educated in US: report", "World's richest cities by purchasing power", "The ten largest US central business districts | Modern Cities", "JPMorgan History | The History of Our Firm", "Chicago Area Employment February 2018", "Chicago Named Nation's Top Metro Area for Corporate Relocation For the Sixth Straight Year", "Chicago's Fortune 500 headquarters are shrinking", "Why You Should Start a Company in Chicago", "Ken Griffin's Citadel ditches Chicago for Miami following crime complaints", "Ken Griffin's Citadel Move Is 'Punch in the Gut' for Chicago", "Big Companies Keep Leaving Chicago: What's Going On? Explore the data and maps. [173], According to the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey data estimates for 20082012, the median income for a household in the city was $47,408, and the median income for a family was $54,188. In the 1840s, Chicago became a major grain port, and in the 1850s and 1860s Chicago's pork and beef industry expanded. [169][170] Since the 2013 legalization of same-sex marriage in Illinois, over 10,000 same-sex couples have wed in Cook County, a majority of them in Chicago. views about abortion by metro area, Learn More: views about abortion, Legal in all/most cases, Illegal in all/most cases, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say homosexuality, Compare:
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